Then we can see that by moving a magnet past a single loop of wire, a voltage known as and emf (electro-motive force) is induced within the wire loop due to the magnetic field of the magnet.Īs a voltage is induced across the wire loop, an electrical current in the form of an electron flow starts to flow around the loop generating electricity.īut what if instead of a single individual loop of wire as shown, we had many loops wound together on the same former to form a coil of wire, much more voltage and therefore current could be generated for the same amount of magnetic flux. Simple Generator using Magnetic Induction Likewise, when a magnetic field moves past a coil of wire, a voltage is induced in the coil as defined by Faraday’s law of magnetic induction causing electrons to flow. When electrons flow through an electrical coil, a magnetic field is created around it. Then it is important to have a good wind turbine blade design to extract as much energy out of the wind as possible.Īll electrical turbine generators work because of the effects of moving a magnetic field past an electrical coil. In the case of a “wind turbine generator”, the wind pushes directly against the blades of the turbine, which converts the linear motion of the wind into the rotary motion necessary to spin the generators rotor and the harder the wind pushes, the more electrical energy can be generated. This is why generators come in different sizes and produce differing amounts of electricity. The greater the “load”, or electrical demand placed on the generator, the more mechanical force is required to turn the rotor. Lets be clear here, they do not create energy or produce more electrical energy than the amount of mechanical energy being used to spin the rotor blades. Electricity GenerationĪ Wind Turbine Generator is what makes your electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. In addition, the location of the wind turbine generator, would the wind resource keep it constantly rotating for long periods of time or would the generator speed and therefore its output vary up and down with variations in the available wind. The low voltage DC output from a generator or older style dynamo can be used to charge batteries while the higher AC sinusoidal output from an alternator can be connected directly to the local grid.Īlso, the output voltage and power demand depends entirely upon the appliances you have and how you wish to use them. Well, the simple answer is both Yes and No, as it all depends upon the type of system and application you want. So does it make a difference what type of electrical generator we can use to produce wind power. Usually the smaller or home made wind turbines tend to use a low speed permanent magnet DC generator or Dynamo as they are small, cheap and a lot easier to connect up. The electrical machine most commonly used for wind turbines applications are those acting as generators, with the synchronous generator and the induction generator (as shown) being commonly used in larger wind turbine generator systems. As this process is reversible, the same machine can be used as a conventional electrical motor for converting the electrical power into mechanical power, or as a generator converting the mechanical power back into the electrical power. That is they operate through the interaction of a magnetic flux and an electric current, or flow of charge. 3. The Alternating Current ( AC ) Induction machine, also known as an AlternatorĪll these electrical machines are electromechanical devices that work on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.2. The Alternating Current ( AC ) Synchronous machine, also known as an AC Generator.1. The Direct Current ( DC ) machine, also known as a Dynamo.The conversion of the rotational mechanical power generated by the rotor blades (known as the prime mover) into useful electrical power for use in domestic power and lighting applications or to charge batteries can be accomplished by any one of the following major types of rotational electrical machines commonly used in a wind power generating systems: A low rpm electrical generator is used for converting the mechanical rotational power produced by the winds energy into usable electricity to supply our homes and is at the heart of any wind power system. Wind Turbine Generator Types of Wind Turbine GeneratorĪ wind turbine is made up of two major components and having looked at one of them, the rotor blade design in the previous tutorial, we can now look at the other, the Wind Turbine Generator or WTG’s which is the electrical machine used to generate the electricity.
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